Clinical manifestations HYPERGLYCEMIA
Possible consequences of hyperglycemia:
hyperglycemic syndrome and hyperglycemic coma.
1. hyperglycemic syndrome. Persistent increase of glucose concentration to
190-210 mg% (10.5-11.5 mg / dL)
2. hyperglycemic coma. Increased glucose concentration to 400-600 mg%
(22,0-28,0 mmol / l) or more, the loss of consciousness.
Hyperglycemic syndrome
Hyperglycemic syndrome - a condition characterized
by a significant and sustained increase in the Code of Civil Procedure
regarding the above rules (up to 190-210 mg%, ie 10.5-11.5 mmol / l or more),
in keeping with the life of the organism disorder.
Manifestations
1 is the result of hyperglycemia, glycosuria.
2. polyuria - increased urination and urine formation as a result of:
- Increase urine osmolality,
- Increase concerning glomerular filtration
- Reduce tubular reabsorption of water.
3. Polydipsia - increased fluid intake, caused by increased thirst, - is
due to a significant loss of body fluids.
4. hydropenias the body - reduction of fluid in the body due to polyuria.
5. Hypotension due to:
- Hypovolemia - a decrease in circulating blood volume (CBV) due hydropenia
organism;
- A decrease in cardiac ejection of blood due to hypovolemia.
Hyperglycemic coma
Hyperglycemic (hyperosmolar) coma discussed the
topic of diabetes complications.
Principles control of hyperglycemia
The basic principle of the effective control of
hyperglycemia is etiotropic. It is aimed at eliminating the causes of
hyperglycemia. Achieving this and as a consequence - the normalization of HPA
usually lead to the elimination of other manifestations of hyperglycemia.
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (DM) - one of the most serious
diseases, fraught with severe complications, disability and death cases, characterized
by disorders of all types of metabolism and life of the organism as a whole.
The reported incidence varies in different countries from 1 to 3% (in Russian
about 2%), and individuals with varying degrees of obesity reaches 15-25%.
Obesity and diabetes, on the one hand, and
hypertension and coronary heart disease, on the other, constitute the so-called
metabolic syndrome, "deadly quartet". According to WHO experts,
diabetes increases the overall mortality of patients 2-3 times. At about 3
times more likely to have identified cardiovascular disease and stroke cases,
10 times - blindness, 20 times - gangrene of the extremities. DM - one of the
causes of renal lesions leading to death of patients. Diabetes decreases the
average life expectancy in 7% of its overall average.
Diabetes - a disease that is characterized by
impaired metabolism, and all kinds of vital activity disorder; hypoinsulinism
develops as a result (i.e., absolute or relative insulin deficiency).
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