Pathology of the structural elements of the neuronal

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A significant role in the pathology of a neuron playing a violation of intracellular structural homeostasis. The normal process of wear and decay of intracellular structures and neuronal membranes balanced process of renewal and regeneration. The combination of these processes is the dynamic structural homeostasis.

Damage as a cell (cytoplasmic) and intracellular membranes arise in various pathogenic effects and are themselves a cause of further pathology neuron.

Increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) neuronal membranes affects not only the membrane but also to other intracellular processes.

There is little of the pathological process in the nervous system, in which there would be no enhanced lipid peroxidation. It occurs in epilepsy, endogenous psychoses (eg, schizophrenia, manic-depressive syndrome), with nervousness, stress and injury, ischemia, chronic hypoxia, functional neurons overload and so on. It involves further hyperactivation of neurons.

Due to the increase in membrane permeability is exited neuron various substances including antigens, which cause the formation of antibodies antineuronal that leads to the development of the autoimmune process. Violation of the barrier properties of the membrane causes an increase in current of Ca2 + ions and Na + into the neuron and K + - of the neuron; these processes in combination with the lack of energy-dependent Na + -, K + - and Ca2 + pump (their activity also varies under the influence of intensive POL) lead to partial depolarization of the membrane. The increased Ca2 + entry not only causes hyperactivation neuron, but the excessive content of it in the cell leads to pathological changes of intracellular metabolism and damage.

Normalization of lipids and stabilizing neuronal membranes peroxidation should be part of the complex pathogenetic treatment of various pathologies of the nervous system.

For the life of the neuron, which is a highly differentiated cell is not able to divide mitotically, intracellular regeneration is the only way the structural renovation of neurons and maintain their integrity. It includes protein synthesis, formation of intracellular organelles, mitochondria, membrane structures, receptors, nerve growth processes (axons, dendrites, dendritic spines), and others.

Intracellular regeneration processes require high energy and trophic provision and proper cell metabolism. In damaged neurons, occurrence of energy and trophic deficiency disorders genome activity suffers intracellular regeneration falls plastic potential of the cell, the disintegration of intracellular structures is not counterbalanced by them.